The relationship between childhood neglect and later Essay Example for Free

The relationship between childhood neglect and later Essay In examining the relationship between childhood neglect and later use of illicit drugs, the following variables will have to be taken into account: Childhood – It is the time or state of being a child which is the period between infancy and pubescence. It is a crucial period in a person’s life since it is at this stage where most of the physical and mental development of a child takes place.   It is also at this stage where the child learns the difference between good and bad behavior. Later use – this pertains to a reaction. The principle is that for every action there is a corresponding reaction.   For purpose of this research childhood neglect is considered as an action and the use of illicit drugs during the later stages of the child’s life is considered as the reaction. Illicit drugs – these are drugs the use of which is rendered illegal by existing laws because of their harmful effects to the user. These drugs include cannabis such as marijuana and hashish, opiates such as heroin, stimulants such as cocaine and amphetamines and hallucinogens. Parental neglect – an act or omission of a parent or any person exercising substitute parental authority which is classified as a crime because it endangers the health and life of a child. It includes failure to provide for the child’s food, clothing and medical needs.   It also includes the act of leaving the child alone without anyone that can provide for the needs previously mentioned.   It its extreme form it may also include subjecting the child to physical and emotional abuse.   For purpose of this research, the following variables will be operationally defined as follows: Childhood – The participants of this research will be persons between the ages of 13-25.   They will be asked to recollect and reveal whether they are presently using illicit drugs and whether they experienced parental neglect during their childhood years.   For this purpose, they will be asked to make a recollection whether they experienced neglect between the ages of 5 to 12. Later use – The participants of this research will be asked whether they are presently using illicit drugs and the reasons why they use illicit drugs.   Their present problems involving drug use will then be connected to the participants’ past history of parental neglect.   For this purpose the subjects of this research will be limited to ages between 13-25. Illicit drugs – This concept will have same definition as the above.   For purpose of this research, the respondents will be asked to identify the kind of drugs they use and the age when they started using these illicit drugs.   The respondents will be asked to determine the reason/s why they started using illegal drugs. Parental neglect – The respondents will be asked whether they experienced neglect during their childhood and to describe the kind of relationship they have with their parents or whether they have positive or negative relationship with their parents.   If they have negative relationship with their parents, a follow up question will be asked whether the participants have been subjected to physical, verbal or sexual abuse.

The Gap Between ESL Programs and Mainstream Academics :: Education Academics China Language Essays

The Gap Between ESL Programs and Mainstream Academics The world of Academia is daunting even for one who speaks the language of the culture in which it is embedded. As I set about writing this paper, I must – as I imagine Ryuko Kubota must also have done in her crusade against stereotypical theories – make this subject real for me. This process of making sense of what has already been written, of my own and others’ responses to them, of how it applies to what I have observed in the real life of a Japanese student grappling through the rhetorical and cultural jungles, and how to synthesis it all into a crisp-written thesis, feels very much like preparing to birth a perfect, unwieldy egg. I have a vague vision of how it might look, yet I’ve no idea how it is supposed to come out of me. And, furthermore, what might hatch from it once it is in the world. This allows me a new appreciation for those going through this process without the advantage of their first language. This also stirs a sense of responsibility brought to my attention by Ruth Spack regarding the integrity of researchers – or anyone actively utilizing the discourse of dominance – who have in their hands not only the power of influencing individuals’ experiences learning a language, but swaying the course of social perception. In her criticism of the intellectual irresponsibility of colleagues such as Murphy, Carson & Nelson, whose poorly-supported generalizations about eastern cultures created a â€Å"snowball effect† in succeeding literature, she warned of the danger of seemingly harmless assertions being â€Å"treated as cultural truths and then applied inappropriately to other cases† (Spack, 769). It is with such particular acts that dangerous assumptions can debilitate core efforts toward clearer communication. It is therefore both with a sense of compassion for those having to situate themselves – and succeed – in a discourse not their own, and a sense of duty to contribute to a vaster understanding and acceptance of our world’s multiple consciousnesses, that I approach the issue of contrastive rhetoric and L2 writing. With unabashed contempt for the tendencies toward mass stereotyping found in much of the literature on contrastive rhetoric (except for recent criticism from Spack, Kubota and the like), I wanted to narrow the scope of my thesis as much as possible – to ground it in the directly-observable, and to strip away any supposition that my views are anything other than subjective.

Hamlet Act II Close Reading

William Shakespeare uses many types of literary devices to describe the very principle of Hamlet’s true battle. Hamlet compares himself to a â€Å"peasant slave† and to the talented actor, whom could give a convincing performance without feeling the true emotion. After his visit with the ghost (his supposed father), he has been dedicated to the idea of plotting revenge of his uncle-father. Although, it is difficult for Hamlet to perform this horrific act, because of his disgust of the emotionless scheming revenge. Lastly, for Hamlet to try and convince himself to follow through with this scheme, he arranges a trap to have Claudius unknowingly reveal that he is guilty. In the beginning of Hamlet’s soliloquy, he compares himself to a â€Å"rogue and peasant slave†, which points out that Hamlet is frustrated with himself. In this metaphor, Hamlet feels terrible that the actor could shed more emotion, and force his soul to feel made up feelings in a work of make-believe. The use of visual imagery is used when Hamlet describes his acting, â€Å"That from her working all his visage waned, tears in his eyes, distraction in his aspect, a broken voice, and his whole function suiting†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Here Hamlet is amazed by how easily the actor could show such emotion, and he even says â€Å"what would he do, had he the motive and the cue for passion that I have? † He knows that actor would be even more tremendous if that was the case, because the use of a hyperbole is noted when he says, â€Å"He would drown the stage with tears and cleave the general ear with horrid speech. After stating the above facts, Hamlet then looks at himself and sees himself as pathetic. His reflection of himself, describes that he is an unattractive, uncourageous mischief and protests that he primarily just mopes around and has no motivation to plot revenge and doubts his ability to achieve it. Another literary device utilized is the rhetorical questions he asks himself, â€Å"Am I a coward? Who calls me a â€Å"villain†? Breaks my pate across? Plucks off my beard and blows it in my face? Tweaks me by the nose? Gives me the lie I’ th’ throat as deep to the lungs? Again doubting himself for his lack of motivation. A bit of foreshadowing also takes place after these questions, when he asks another rhetorical question, â€Å"who does me this? ‘Swounds, I should take it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  which could possibly take place later on in the play, that someone will call him out, and there is only one reason why someone would; his revenge on Claudius. Hamlet creates a conflict with himself deciding whether to go or not to go through with this horrific s cheme, but he reminds himself that his father’s life has been stolen so he must seek his revenge. Hamlet is planning to have the â€Å"players play something like the murder of [his] father before [his] uncle† that he can â€Å"observe his [his uncle’s] looks† to judge his guilt. Hamlet concludes to himself that â€Å"[he] know [his course]† of what to do if his uncle â€Å"do blench† or flinch. Shakespeare uses personification on the word murder, for he states that â€Å"murder, though it have no tongue, will speak with most miraculous organ†, referring to the situation of murder being able to speak through the actors. This is significant because it is a step forward towards Hamlet’s plot of revenge. Although, Hamlet may believe that â€Å"the spirit that [he] have seen may be the devil and devil hath power t’assume a pleasing shape†, this symbolizes the use of hell imagery and portrays the theme eye of the beholder. The devil can be very convincing and can disguise itself as something or someone we desire and enjoy. So, with that being said Hamlet concludes that â€Å"[he’ll] have grounds more relative than this. The play’s the thing wherein [he’ll] catch the conscience of the king. †

Apple was Founded by Steve Jobs - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1476 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Steve Jobs Essay Did you like this example? In 1976, Apple was founded by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak after Jobs dropped out of college. Jobs was responsible for innovation and business while Wozniak was responsible for the engineering portion, and both had no experience in running a company. Apple needed an experienced CEO, so they brought in Michael Scott to run the company. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Apple was Founded by Steve Jobs" essay for you Create order He left in 1981, so Jobs brought in CEO of PepsiCo John Sculley in 1983. Issues began to arise because Jobs himself wanted to be CEO, but Apple did not believe he was the proper fit for the position. At this time, Jobs had created a poor reputation for being difficult to work with because he was too focused on details and at times, this affected his teams feelings and deadlines. (Weinberger) In 1985, Jobs and his team released the Lisa, the first computer with a graphical user interface. Although, it was a great product, it did not sell well in the market. He later created the Macintosh, which resulted in better sales, but was not enough to compete with IBMs PC market. Sculley believed that Jobs needed to be watched over considering he was difficult to work with, so Jobs was reassigned away from the Macintosh project and put in charge of New Product Development. Jobs being upset with this reassignment, went to Apples board of directors, who sided with Sculley. Jobs feeling powerless in a company he created, decided to resign on September 17, 1985 and moved on to create NeXT. Over the next couple of years, NeXT created good PCs but still had low sales. With Jobs gone and Scully in charge, Apple began to lose focus. Apple fired Sculley and eventually brought in Gil Amelio as CEO in 1996. In 1997, Amelio acquired NeXT, bringing back Jobs. By August, Jobs had taken over as CEO and brought in a new board, and made peace with Bill Gates, chairman of Microsoft. Finally, in 1998, Apple introduced their iMac, bring the company back to its glory. I believe it was important for Apple to release Steve Jobs. After Jobs left, he started a new company and learned to manage his emotions that were affecting his team and learned to balance the desire and ability to create products on time and in budget. (Blodget). In our weekly assignments, we discussed the great comebacks of companies such as Harley Davidson and IBM. In the chapter discussing Harley Davidson, I learned about the importance of visionary leadership. Having a vision is someone who has a clear sense of the companys future environment and the actions need to thrive in it. (Hartley) A leader with vision will help their company take opportunities before competitors and raise itself up from any difficulties they are facing. Hartley states five ingredients of visionary leadership. The first is to challenge the process. A leader should encourage innovation and anyone with new ideas. The second is to be enthusiastic. A great visionary leader will inspire their team to share their vision. When sharing the same vision, employees will be on the same page and have the same enthusiasm to reach their companys future goals. Another ingredient is to help other to act; to be supportive of their teams efforts and skills. A visionary leader should set the example of how others should act in the workplace. The final ingredient is to celebrate achievements. Employees should bring their hearts and their minds to the workplace. In celebrating their achievements, they will be happier to work every day and more loyal to the companys vison. Before Steve Jobs was let go from Apple, he had a vision for his company, but he did not use all these ingredients to achieve leadership. Jobs worked with a team, but he allowed his emotions to interfere with his visions. The one ingredient he followed was to challenge the process. Jobs always had new ideas and was never afraid to share them. His issue was his immaturity stopped him from sharing his visions to the company in a way they can also envision it because he did not display model behavior, and he also did not encourage his team to share his vision. During this time, Jobs lost support from his teams along with the board of Apple. After Jobs left, he learned how to use these skills at his company NeXT. With Scully in charge and Jobs gone, Apple lost all their future vision, and struggled to innovate new products. Because of this, Scully was fired, and Apple searched for a new leader with great plans for their future. When Jobs returned to Apple, he displayed true visionary leadership. He had developed the skills to be leader and used these skills to bring Apple back from near bankruptcy. Throughout this class, I have also learned the importance of leadership style. Since the beginning of Apple, Jobs had always wanted to be CEO of the company. When the company was created Jobs could not take up that role because he had no experience in running a company. Although, at the time he was not labeled CEO, he attempted to act the role and failed miserably due to his leadership style. In Management Mistakes Successes by Robert F. Hartley, a chapter focused on the management mistakes made at Continental Airlines. Frank Lorenzo was CEO during Continental Airlines downfall. Lorenzo was failing the company by displaying poor corporate culture and had a poor management style. He was described as a Theory X manager, who has low opinions of subordinates. According to Hartley, a Theory X manager views their subordinates as, disliking work, lacking in ambition, irresponsible, resistant to change, preferring to be led rather than to lead. This management style brought fear into his employees. They were not willing to work hard, they feared to discuss new ideas, and failed to communicate any issues. To the save company, Continental Airlines brought in CEO, Gordon Bethune, described as a Theory Y manager. Harley describes a Theory Y manager to see their subordinates as, willing to work, willing to accept responsibility, capable of self-direction, capable of self-control, and capable of imagination, ingenuity, and creativity. With this style, Bethune won back the hearts of his employees and shared his vision of the company. By displaying the management style, he gained the trust of his team, and salvaged the airline. Before Jobs came back to save Apple, he could have been described as a Theory X manager. During the Macintosh project, jobs fired anyone who disagreed with the project and hired employees of his skill level. He was immature, stubborn and had no control over his emotions. He refused to listen to ideas other than his own and was described as mercurial and demanding. After returning to Apple, jobs could be better described as a Theory Y manager. He learned to encourage his employees ideas and had faith that his subordinates can manage themselves. Using this management style, Jobs gained the trust of his employees and board, along with his employees and board gaining their trust in him and was able to resurrect Apple from the edge of bankruptcy. Overall, I learned that Apple had to bring Steve Jobs back to regain the future vision of Apple. Although most say that Apples biggest mistake was allowing Jobs to leave, I believe it was a necessary action. His behavior was unacceptable in a professional environment, and he was not acting as a team player. If Jobs had never left Apple, then he may have never developed the skills he needed to become the inspiration leader he is today. In my opinion, if he did not leave, he would have never realized the mistakes he had made. By leaving, he evaluated his faults and learned to become an inspirational leader. With his new developed skills, he gave his company a vision. Jobs focused on attracting skilled and creative people who wanted to change the world by making better tools. Throughout this process, Jobs managed to make a lot of money, but that was never his goal. His high profits were a result of his clear vision, his executions, and his willingness to lead, fail, and to try again. (H usick) References Hartley, R. F. (2011). Management mistakes and successes. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Husick, L. (2011, September 11). What Students Can Learn from Steve Jobs. Retrieved from https://www.fpri.org/article/2011/09/what-students-can-learn-from-steve-jobs/ Blodget, H. (2013, September 23). Lets Get One Thing Straight Apple Had No Choice But To Oust Steve Jobs. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com/apple-had-no-choice-with-steve-jobs-2013-9 Weinberger, M. (2017, July 31). This is why Steve Jobs got fired from Apple and how he came back to save the company. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com/steve-jobs-apple-fired-returned-2017-7 Katzenbach, J. (2012, May 29). The Steve Jobs Way. Retrieved from https://www.strategy-business.com/article/00109?gko=d331b Steve Jobs: An Extraordinary Career. (2008, October 09). Retrieved from https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/197538