The Finances of Being an Artist - 741 Words

Finances for an artist can be one of the toughest topics to be brought into discussion when thinking about starting their own business. This shouldn’t be a shock to any artist since there are major finance issues behind every field of being a successful artist. To put it into simple context, being an artist of any kind is costly. First, there is a variety of how expensive a career can be to an artist all while depending on the type of work you put in. While considering art, you have many issues to take into account such as finding and paying for a workspace, supplies, and the time to be productive. Searching for and affording a space to work in is an important topic for any artist. Artists need a proper facility to house the right equipment such has being a designer, painter, sculptor, etc. Unless you are wealthy right after art school moving into a big city where space is expensive isn’t really the smartest choice. Many artists have turned to New York after graduating and experienced financial times very hard. It is quite common for many young artists to migrate into a large city, finding themselves paying tons of money for a small studio or apartment. My advice to anyone starting in this field would be to look elsewhere for work, in a much less expensive setting where you can start off and be financially stable. Starting off elsewhere will be beneficial to any artist while gaining experience while building up a professional body of artwork before they move into a bigShow MoreRelatedMusic Industry : The Death Of Music Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pagesindustry and how the y are cheated out of their money. Audience Analysis: A. Demographics: The audience is demographically characterized as having both male and female Michigan State University students within the age group of 17 and 24. As well as being ethnically diverse. 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Software Engineering and Management

Question: Describe about theSoftware Engineering and Management?. Answer: 1. Analysis of the Critical Success Factors The critical success factors (CSFs) for information security should follow a risk-based approach that targets in protecting an organizations most critical assets. Information Security Policy Enforcement and Adaption: Information Security Policy is important in identifying the vital information assets of the organization and thereby accurately categorizing the reasonable, acceptable and unacceptable employee behaviors for ensuring adequate information security (Turner, 2014). Moreover, the organization should ensure that the policy they are adopting fits into their organizational culture. Staff Awareness and Training: The success factor essentially involves providing adequate and accurate training and education to the employees of the organization (Kerzner, 2013). In addition, it is important that the managers, executives and staff from all levels of the organizations are appropriately aware of the significance of security measures. IT competencies: It is mandatory to have highly skilled security experts to control the fundamental aspects of information security (Taylor, Fritsch Liederbach, 2014). Therefore, the company needs to consider adequate amount of investment in hiring IT security experts that are able to confidently deal with any types of data threats. Examples: Flayton Electronics had adopted the primary security measures for protecting against possible attacks. However, one of the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) is organizational awareness and organizational support, which was significantly lacking in the present case of data breach in Flayton. The most important thing is to relate the CSFs with the core functions of organizational management including planning and organizing payment transactions as well as properly coordinating, directing and controlling (Klimoski, 2016). Apart from that, the company needed to focus more on regular auditing, monitoring of security measures, carrying out periodic checks and business process evaluations. 2. Project Benefits, Organizational Readiness, and Risk Culture Project Benefits: Flayton Electronics was conducting multiple projects and thereby was obtaining significant amount of growth in their electronics in a comparatively short span of time. The CEO of the company took rapid and huge steps in order to improve and enhance the business, especially after his father retired. The company adopted an aggressive strategy for growing the business capabilities (Von Solms Van Niekerk, 2013). The CEO was soon able to expand their business and grow a much larger organization compared to when it started out. Therefore, they were essentially gaining significant benefits from the 32 different Flayton stores established across six different states. Growing and expanding their business helped them carrying at least three or four high priority technical projects that are on different phases of implementation at any given moment of time. Organizational Readiness: In terms of organizational readiness, Flayton Electronics was not adequately prepared for the incident of data breach. The IT competency was not sufficient for handling the security breach in an efficient manner. The planning and prevention of organizational data was mainly the responsibility of technical staff (Whitman Mattord, 2013). However, the organizational needs to be more focus to engage high-level official such as vice president or director for information protection. For instance, by incorporating preparedness or organizational readiness, the company could efficiently address the required coordination and redistribution of investment that would be specifically important (Teller, Kock Gemunden, 2014). Precisely, by ensuring and investing on organizational readiness, Flayton could have dealt with the data breach in some other more effective and efficient way. Risk culture: Risk culture of an organization can be defined by the behavior of individual employees within the organization, which in turn defines the collective capability of that company in identifying the potential risks the company can encounter in future. The risk culture of Flayton was nothing extraordinary. In fact, the company significantly lacked in maintaining a strong and appropriate risk management culture and approach (Maarop et al., 2015). There was lack of self-audit checks and the PCI compliance was very rarely scanned. Therefore, the overall risk culture of Flayton Electronics can be considered as poor. 3. Project Risk Recommendations Enhance Risk Intelligence: Flayton should consider on enhancing their risk intelligence and promote risk transparency all every level of the organization (Tu, 2016). In addition, the management should be competent enough to be able to sufficiently communicate the strategic goals keeping proper alignment with the risk strategies. Monitor and Review Risks: Flayton should focus on running separate processes for continual improvements of the process of implementing risk management based upon a regulatory framework (Peltier, 2013). Implementing Risk Treatment Strategy: The Company should adopt a suitable and efficient risk treatment and mitigation plan that ensures compliance monitoring and evaluation of the risk consequences (Teller, Kock Gemunden, 2014). It should essentially incorporate performing regulatory impact assessment, imposing penalties for non-compliance, setting clear objectives of the regulatory framework. 4. Initial Categories of Risk (RBS Level 1 and 2) The initial categories of risks in the Flayton Electronics case study essentially include the following: Lack of Cyber Security Policy: The Company needs to clearly identify the security standards for its business. Not prioritizing the security policy can effectively cause potential harm to their business (Kerzner, 2013). Absence of security governance is a significant issue in not being able to detect unauthorized activity. Confusing Compliance with Cyber Security: The Company may be able to potentially confuse between the adopting a cyber security policy and ensuring compliance (Taylor, Fritsch Liederbach, 2014). Protecting the organization against hacker attacks is not the same thing as ensuring compliance with security rules. Careless and Uninformed Employees: A careless worker who is only habituated with his or her daily work schedule is not always expected to be aware of certain situations that may involve potential risks and bring danger to the organization in future (Whitman Mattord, 2013). Employees should be properly trained and educated with the best practices of security protection. Lack of PCI Compliance: Flaytons PCI compliance was only 75 %. In order to ensure appropriate PCI compliance, it is necessary to carry out regular scanning of all the databases and metadata in the system in order to check for any credit card numbers (Kerzner, 2013). References Kerzner, H. R. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Klimoski, R. (2016). Critical Success Factors for Cybersecurity Leaders: Not Just Technical Competence.People and Strategy,39(1), 14. Maarop, N., Mustapha, N. M., Yusoff, R., Ibrahim, R., Zainuddin, N. M. M. (2015). Understanding Success Factors of an Information Security Management System Plan Phase Self-Implementation.World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering,9(3), 884-889. Peltier, T. R. (2013).Information security fundamentals. CRC Press. Taylor, R. W., Fritsch, E. J., Liederbach, J. (2014).Digital crime and digital terrorism. Prentice Hall Press. Teller, J., Kock, A., Gemunden, H. G. (2014). Risk management in project portfolios is more than managing project risks: a contingency perspective on risk management.Project Management Journal,45(4), 67-80. Tu, Z. (2016).Information Security Management: A Critical Success Factors Analysis(Doctoral dissertation). Turner, J. R. (2014).The handbook of project-based management(Vol. 92). McGraw-hill. Von Solms, R., Van Niekerk, J. (2013). From information security to cyber security.computers security,38, 97-102. Whitman, M., Mattord, H. (2013).Management of information security. Nelson Education. Software Engineering and Management Questions: 1.Analyze how the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) apply to the facts of the case study. Provide examples to support your analysis. 2.Determine the project benefits, organizational readiness, and risk culture of the company in the case study. Provide justification for your response. 3.Develop at least three (3) project risk recommendations based on the analysis from criteria number 1 and 2 of this assignment 4.Identify the initial categories of risk (RBS Level 1 and 2) that you see as being present in the case study using the attached Risk Checklist. Answers: 1. Analysis of the Critical Success Factors The critical success factors (CSFs) for information security should follow a risk-based approach that targets in protecting an organizations most critical assets. Information Security Policy Enforcement and Adaption: Information Security Policy is important in identifying the vital information assets of the organization and thereby accurately categorizing the reasonable, acceptable and unacceptable employee behaviors for ensuring adequate information security (Turner, 2014). Moreover, the organization should ensure that the policy they are adopting fits into their organizational culture. Staff Awareness and Training: The success factor essentially involves providing adequate and accurate training and education to the employees of the organization (Kerzner, 2013). In addition, it is important that the managers, executives and staff from all levels of the organizations are appropriately aware of the significance of security measures. IT competencies: It is mandatory to have highly skilled security experts to control the fundamental aspects of information security (Taylor, Fritsch Liederbach, 2014). Therefore, the company needs to consider adequate amount of investment in hiring IT security experts that are able to confidently deal with any types of data threats. Examples: Flayton Electronics had adopted the primary security measures for protecting against possible attacks. However, one of the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) is organizational awareness and organizational support, which was significantly lacking in the present case of data breach in Flayton. The most important thing is to relate the CSFs with the core functions of organizational management including planning and organizing payment transactions as well as properly coordinating, directing and controlling (Klimoski, 2016). Apart from that, the company needed to focus more on regular auditing, monitoring of security measures, carrying out periodic checks and business process evaluations. 2. Project Benefits, Organizational Readiness, and Risk Culture Project benefits: Flayton Electronics was conducting multiple projects and thereby was obtaining significant amount of growth in their electronics in a comparatively short span of time. The CEO of the company took rapid and huge steps in order to improve and enhance the business, especially after his father retired. The company adopted an aggressive strategy for growing the business capabilities (Von Solms Van Niekerk, 2013). The CEO was soon able to expand their business and grow a much larger organization compared to when it started out. Therefore, they were essentially gaining significant benefits from the 32 different Flayton stores established across six different states. Growing and expanding their business helped them carrying at least three or four high priority technical projects that are on different phases of implementation at any given moment of time. Organizational readiness: In terms of organizational readiness, Flayton Electronics was not adequately prepared for the incident of data breach. The IT competency was not sufficient for handling the security breach in an efficient manner. The planning and prevention of organizational data was mainly the responsibility of technical staff (Whitman Mattord, 2013). However, the organizational needs to be more focus to engage high-level official such as vice president or director for information protection. For instance, by incorporating preparedness or organizational readiness, the company could efficiently address the required coordination and redistribution of investment that would be specifically important (Teller, Kock Gemunden, 2014). Precisely, by ensuring and investing on organizational readiness, Flayton could have dealt with the data breach in some other more effective and efficient way. Risk culture: Risk culture of an organization can be defined by the behavior of individual employees within the organization, which in turn defines the collective capability of that company in identifying the potential risks the company can encounter in future. The risk culture of Flayton was nothing extraordinary. In fact, the company significantly lacked in maintaining a strong and appropriate risk management culture and approach (Maarop et al., 2015). There was lack of self-audit checks and the PCI compliance was very rarely scanned. Therefore, the overall risk culture of Flayton Electronics can be considered as poor. 3. Project Risk Recommendations Enhance risk intelligence: Flayton should consider on enhancing their risk intelligence and promote risk transparency all every level of the organization (Tu, 2016). In addition, the management should be competent enough to be able to sufficiently communicate the strategic goals keeping proper alignment with the risk strategies. Monitor and review risks: Flayton should focus on running separate processes for continual improvements of the process of implementing risk management based upon a regulatory framework (Peltier, 2013). Implementing risk treatment strategy: The Company should adopt a suitable and efficient risk treatment and mitigation plan that ensures compliance monitoring and evaluation of the risk consequences (Teller, Kock Gemunden, 2014). It should essentially incorporate performing regulatory impact assessment, imposing penalties for non-compliance, setting clear objectives of the regulatory framework. 4. Initial Categories of Risk (RBS Level 1 and 2) The initial categories of risks in the Flayton Electronics case study essentially include the following: Lack of cyber security policy: The Company needs to clearly identify the security standards for its business. Not prioritizing the security policy can effectively cause potential harm to their business (Kerzner, 2013). Absence of security governance is a significant issue in not being able to detect unauthorized activity. Confusing compliance with cyber security: The Company may be able to potentially confuse between the adopting a cyber security policy and ensuring compliance (Taylor, Fritsch Liederbach, 2014). Protecting the organization against hacker attacks is not the same thing as ensuring compliance with security rules. Careless and uninformed employees: A careless worker who is only habituated with his or her daily work schedule is not always expected to be aware of certain situations that may involve potential risks and bring danger to the organization in future (Whitman Mattord, 2013). Employees should be properly trained and educated with the best practices of security protection. Lack of PCI compliance: Flaytons PCI compliance was only 75 %. In order to ensure appropriate PCI compliance, it is necessary to carry out regular scanning of all the databases and metadata in the system in order to check for any credit card numbers (Kerzner, 2013). References Kerzner, H. R. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Klimoski, R. (2016). Critical Success Factors for Cybersecurity Leaders: Not Just Technical Competence.People and Strategy,39(1), 14. Maarop, N., Mustapha, N. M., Yusoff, R., Ibrahim, R., Zainuddin, N. M. M. (2015). Understanding Success Factors of an Information Security Management System Plan Phase Self-Implementation.World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering,9(3), 884-889. Peltier, T. R. (2013).Information security fundamentals. CRC Press. Taylor, R. W., Fritsch, E. J., Liederbach, J. (2014).Digital crime and digital terrorism. Prentice Hall Press. Teller, J., Kock, A., Gemunden, H. G. (2014). Risk management in project portfolios is more than managing project risks: a contingency perspective on risk management.Project Management Journal,45(4), 67-80. Tu, Z. (2016).Information Security Management: A Critical Success Factors Analysis(Doctoral dissertation). Turner, J. R. (2014).The handbook of project-based management(Vol. 92). McGraw-hill. Von Solms, R., Van Niekerk, J. (2013). From information security to cyber security.computers security,38, 97-102. Whitman, M., Mattord, H. (2013).Management of information security. Nelson Education.

Schools of economic thought

Economic schools of thought can be defined as the systems of beliefs that some of the historical economists held about economics. The different schools of thought or rather doctrines differ in their methodologies and assumptions that are made to describe a certain economic phenomena.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Schools of economic thought specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Among the major economic schools of thought include; Keynesian, Marxist, Neoclassical, Austrian, institutional economics and open economy macroeconomics just to mention but a few (Spiegel, 1991, p.102). It is essential that these schools of thought are put into consideration for the better understanding of economics. Karl Marx together with Friedrich Engels developed the Marxist economic thought where they concluded that economic doctrine is based on the fact that the people in the society undergo societal developmental stages. These sta ges include; crude communism, slavery, feudalism and capitalism then finally communism with each stage leading to the next (Spiegel, 1991, p.123). On the other hand the Keynesian school of thought explains economics in terms of integrating demand and supply to influence the decision makers who can be individuals or the government. The neoclassical school of thought is similar to the Keynesian doctrine with it having its focus on price, income and output determination. As a matter of fact, it emphasizes on maximising utility such that profit is obtained. Of all the schools of thought, the neoclassical school of thought has had the most influence in my way of thinking. The neoclassical school of thought is said to have evolved from the classical doctrines. A close look at this school of thought it is depicted that it concentrates on how the rationality of an individual is affected by demand and supply together with their utility maximisation while neglecting the strong types of uncert ainty. This theory led to the generation of many mathematical equations to express economic terms (Strober, 2010, p.1). Due to the fact that neoclassical school of thought deals with allocation of resources as its major focus point, it has had a great influence in my way of thinking since allocation of resources is an important obligation for an individual as well as a nation. This is because it is necessary that one knows which factor to allocate what amount of resources. Failure to do that leads to misappropriation or even lack of fulfilment of the obligations. The concept of free market is also rampant among neoclassical economists who believe that the free markets are what lead to the effective allocation of resources.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As a result, neoclassical school of thought has led me into thinking big since it presents the economists with a choi ce to make between equity and effectiveness especially when allocating resources. In real sense it presents the economists with a moral dilemma. This way, one is indulged into critical thinking which broadens the mind hence applicable in other non-economic issues as well. Studying this unit has led to a great transformation in my view of the application of economics in the social world (Strober, 2010, p.1). Despite neoclassical school of thought being the superior and most prevailing economic theory it is recognised for its normative and moral dimensions when taught in education facilities. In my case it has socialisation since moral principles are important for socialisation to be effective. However, the neoclassical school of thought has been criticised for having much bias as well as not having actual descriptions of economic situations but instead dealing with unreal situations. All the same, the fundamentals it holds are what are important in the development of the minds of eco nomics and the non-economics. Reference List Spiegel, H. (1991). The Growth of Economic Thought. Durham London: Duke University Press. Strober, M. (2010). Is Teaching Neoclassical Economics as the Science of Economics Moral? Web. This assessment on Schools of economic thought was written and submitted by user Joaquin Black to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Documentation And Informatics Essay Example

Documentation And Informatics Essay Example Documentation And Informatics Essay Documentation And Informatics Essay A factual record contains descriptive, objective Information about what a nurse sees, hears, feels, and smells. . An accurate record uses exact measurements, notations concise data, contains only approved abbreviations, uses correct spelling, and Identifies the date and caregiver. C. A complete record contains all appropriate and essential information. D. Current records contain timely entries with immediate documentation of information as it is collected from the patient. E. Organized records communicate information in a logical order. 3. Describe methods for multidisciplinary communication within the health care system Case management model of delivering care incorporates an interdisciplinary approach to documenting patient care and critical pathways are interdisciplinary are plans that include patient problems, key Interventions, and expected outcomes within an established time frame unexpected outcomes, unmet goals, and interventions not specified within the critical pathways time frame are called variances Ex: when a patient develops pulmonary complications after surgery, requiring oxygen therapy and monitoring with pulse geometry. A positive variance occurs when a patient progresses more rapidly than expected (use of Foley catheter is discontinued a day early) 4. Identify common record-keeping forms. (See Section Below: Page 8) Most charts will Include (Extra Notes): Patient Identification and demographic data Informed consent for treatment and procedure Admission data Nursing diagnosis or problems and nursing or interdisciplinary care plan Record of Medical history Medical diagnosis Therapeutic orders Medical and health discipline progress notes Physical assessment findings Diagnostic study results Patient education Summary of operative procedures Discharge plan and summary CHI. 6 Lecture Notes Documentation is anything written or printed on which you rely as record or proof of patient actions and activities Information in the patient record provides a detailed account of the level of quality of care delivered to patients. The quality of care, the standards of regulatory agencies and nursing practice, the reimbursement structure in the healthcare system, and legal guidelines make documentation and reporting extremely important responsibilities of a nurse. Whether the transfer of a patient info occurs through verbal reports, written documents, or electronically, you need to follow basic principles to maintain confidentiality of information Confidentiality Nurses are legally and ethically obligated to keep information about patients influential Only staffs that are directly involved in a patients care have legitimate access to records. In most cases, patients are required to give written permission for release of medical information. HIPPO Governs all areas of patient info and management of that information. To eliminate barriers that can delay access to care: providers must notify patients of their privacy policy and make a reasonable effort to obtain written acknowledgement of this notification. Disclosure must be limited to the min necessary EX. If you need a patients home number to reschedule an appointment, access to the deiced record is limited solely to the telephone number. As a nursing student you must abide to the HIPPO standards of confidentiality and compliance and NEVER share information about patients with classmates or look into medical information about other patients. Standards Standards of documentations differ within a healthcare organization. Institutional standards or policies dictate the frequency of documentation. Ex. How often you record a nursing assessment or a patients level of pain. Patients records can be used as evidence in a court of law if standards of care are not met The National Committee of Quality Assurance and The Joint Commission maintain institutional accreditation and minimize liability. Current documentation standard require that all patients admitted to a health care facility have an assessment of physical, psychosocial, environmental, self-care, patient education, knowledge level, and discharge planning. Also, evidence of patient and family teaching and discharge planning. Interdisciplinary Communication within the Healthcare Team Patient care requires effective communication among members of the healthcare information relevant to his or her health care. Reports are given oral, written, or audiotape exchanges of information among caregivers. Common reports given by nurses: change-of-shift reports, telephone reports, hand off reports, and incident reports. Ex. Healthcare provider calls nurses to get a verbal report to receive patients conditions. Laboratory submits a written report for results of diagnostic test and verbally notifies nurse if results are critical. Forms of communication Discharge planning conference: involves all members of all disciplines who meet and discuss patient progress towards discharge goals. Consultations: one reflections caregiver gives formal advice about the care of a patient to another caregiver Ex: a nurse caring for a patent with a chronic wound consults with a wound care specialist Referrals: arrangement for services by another care provider. Purposes of Records Communication Patients records are useful for healthcare team members to communicate patients needs and progress, individual therapies, content of consultations, patient education, and discharge planning. They also allow healthcare team member to know a patient thoroughly, facilitating safe, effective and timely patient-centered decisions. Legal accumulation To limit nursing liability documentation must indicate clearly that a patient received individualized, goal-directed nursing care based on the nursing assessment. Common charting mistakes: writing illegibly or incomplete, failure to record pertinent health or drug information, failure to record nursing actions, failure to record that medications have been given, failure to document discontinued medications. Dress are classifications based on patients medical diagnosis Your documentation clarifies the type of treatment a patient receives and supports reimbursement to the health care agency Education Patients records includes many information such as diagnosis, signs and symptoms of a disease, successful and unsuccessful therapies, diagnostic finding, and patient behavior which is why all nurses should read their patients record. With this information and past experience you can learn to anticipate the type of care required for a patient. Research Nurse researchers often use patients records for research studies Also use to investigate nursing interventions or health problems. Ex. A nurse wants to compare a new method of pain control with a standard pain protocol using two groups of patients. Auditing and Monitoring ETC require quality improvement programs and set standards for the information located in a patients record. Guidelines for Quality Documentation and Reporting Factual Descriptive, objective information about what the nurse sees, hears, feels and smells. Ex: B/P 80/50, patient diaphragmatic, heart rate 102 and regular and the patients pulse rate is elevated 110 beats/min, and the patient reports increased restlessness. Accurate Use of exact measurements establishes accuracy to determine if a patients condition drainage, or edema All entries in medical records must be dated and end with the receivers name or initials and status (ex: J. Woods, RAN). Complete The information within recorded entry or report must be complete, containing appropriate and essential information Use flow sheets or graphic records when documenting routine activities such as daily hygiene care, vital signs, and patient assessment. Describe in greater detail when they are relevant such as when a change in functional ability or status occurs. Current Timely entries are essential ongoing care. Delays in documentation lead to unsafe patient care. Document the following activities or finding at the time of occurrence: ITIL signs, pain assessment, administration of medications and treatments, preps for diagnostic testing, admission, transfer, discharge or death of patient etc. USE MILITARY TIME Organized Communication information in a logical order. It is also effective when notes are concise, clear, and to the point. Ex: an organized entry describes the patients pain, your assessment and interventions, and the patients response. Methods of Documentation Paper and Electronic Health Records Paper records are episode oriented, with a separate record for each patient visit to a health care agency. EMMER (ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD): contains patients data gathered in a healthcare setting at a specific time and place ERR (ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD): an electronic record of patient health information generated whenever a patient accesses medical care in any healthcare delivery setting It integrates all pertinent patient information into one record; regardless of the number of times a patient enters a healthcare system. In hospital setting it gathers data and performs checks to support regulatory and accreditation requirements and includes tools to guide and critique medication administration Key advantage for urging: provides a means to compare ongoing clinical data about a patient with original baseline information and maintaining ongoing record of a patients health education. Narrative Documentation (the traditional method) Use of a story like format to document information specific to patient conditions and nursing care. Disadvantages: tend to be repetitious and time consuming Problem Oriented Medical Records Method of documentation that emphasized patients problems. Data are organized by problem or diagnosis. SECTIONS INCLUDE: database, problem list, care plan and progress notes Database: notations all available assessment information pertaining to a patient The foundation for identifying patient problems and planning care Problem list After analysis of data, HECK identify problems and make a single problem list (physiological, psychological, social, cultural, spiritual, developmental, and environmental needs) List the problems in chronological order and when a problem is resolved, record the data and highlight it or draw line through the problem or its number. Care plan Disciplines involved in the patients care develop a care plan or plan of care for each Progress Notes: monitor and record the progress of patients problems. SOAP: Subjective Data (fertilization of the patient) Objective data (that which is measured and observed) Assessment (diagnosis based on the data) Plan (what the caregivers plan to do) or COPIES where Intervention and Evaluation. The nurse numbers each SOAP note and titles it according to the problem on the list Originated from medical records PIE: Problem Intervention Evaluation Nursing origin The narrative does not include assessment information (appears on the flow sheet) Notes are numbered of labeled according to the patients problems. Focus Charting: DARK: Data (problem) Action (intervention) Response (evaluation) Addresses patients concern: signs/symptoms, condition, nursing diagnosis, behavior, significant event or change in patients condition. Incorporates all aspects of the nursing process, highlights a patients concerns, and can be integrated into any clinical setting. Source Records or charts A place in a patients chart that has separate sections for each discipline (I. E. Nursing, medicine, social work, or respiratory data) to record data The method by which source records are organized does not show how information from the disciplines re related or how care is coordinated to meet all of the patients needs Charting by Exception Focuses on documenting deviations from established norms. Reduces documentation time and highlights trends or changes in a patients conditions. Nurses only document significant finding or exceptions to the predefined norms and writes a progress note only when the standardized statement on the form is not met Assumption: all standards are met unless otherwise documented. Case management plan and critical pathways (described above) Common Record Keeping Forms Admission Nursing History Forms: nurses complete a history form when a patient is admitted too nursing unit. Guides the Nurse through a complete assessment to identify relevant nursing diagnoses or problems Flow Sheets and Graphic Records: allow you to quickly and easily enter assessment data about a patient (including vitals signs, routine repetitive care such as hygiene measures, ambulation, meals, weights and safety and restraint checks. Provide current patient information that is accessible to all HECK Helps team members quickly see patient trends over time and decrease time spent on writing narrative notes. Patient Care Summary or Carded: computerized systems that provide information in the form of a patient care marry that is often printed for each patient during each shift. Carded: a portable flip over file or notebook that is kept at the nurses station Includes an activity and treatment section and a nursing care plan section that organizes information for quick references. Eliminates the need for repeated referral to the chart for routine information A Carded is a written form that contains basic client information. A Carded contains an activity and treatment section and a nursing care plan section that organizes information for quick reference as nurses give change-of-shift report. It does not include a description of teaching that was provided to the client. Based on the institutional standards of nursing standards of nursing practice, are preprinted, established guidelines used to care for patients who have similar health problems. Useful when conducting quality improvement audits. Discharge Summary Form Interdisciplinary discharge planning ensures that a patient leaves the hospital in a timely manner with the necessary resources. Discharge documentation includes medications, diets, community resources, follow-up care, and who to contact in case of an emergency or for questions. Acuity records Not part of a patients medical record. They are used for determining the hours of care and the staff required for a given group of patients. Home care documentation Documentation in the home care system is different from other areas I nursing Home care documentation systems provide the entire HOC with information needed to enhance teamwork. Documentation is both the quality of control and the Justification for reimbursement from Medicare, Medicaid, or private insurance companies. Nurses must document all of their services for payment (ex. Direct skilled care, patient instructions, skilled observations, and evaluation visits) Long Term Health Care The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services guidelines requires careful documentation for appropriate reimbursement in long term care agencies. The Resident Assessment Instrument/Minimal Data Set provides standardized protocols for assessment and care planning and a min data set to promote quality improvement within facilities. Reporting Hand off Reporting Happens anytime one healthcare provider transfers care of a patient to another healthcare provider. Purpose is to provide better continuity and individualized care for patients. Ex. Change-of-shift and transfer reports Information during apt. Anodal can be given face to face, in writing, or verbally such as over the telephone or via audio-recording Report elements do not include: normal findings or routine information retrievable from other sources or derogatory or inappropriate comments about a apt. Or family. Telephone Reports and Order Telephone Reports: make a telephone report when significant events or changes in a apt. Condition have occurred. Needs to be clear, accurate, and concise information. Use SABA: Standardizes telephone communication of significant events or changes in patients and is a communication strategy designed to improve apt. Safety Document EVERY phone call you make to a health care provider and use the read back method when receiving information or critical test results. Telephone and Verbal Order Telephone Orders: occurs when a healthcare provider gives an order over the phone to a RAN Verbal Order: involves the healthcare provider giving orders to a nurse while they are standing near each other. Usually occur at night during emergencies (cause medical errors) Nurse: writes down the complete order or enters it into the computer as it is being given. Then reads back and waits for confirmation from the person who gave the order that it is correct Healthcare Provider: later verifies the TO or VOW by legally signing it within a set time. Incident or Occurrence Reports Any event that is not consistent with the routine operation of a health care unit or systems and unit operations that provide Justification for changes in policies and procedures or for in-services seminars. DO NOT mention the incidence report in patients medical record Instead you document an objective description of what happened, what you observed, and the follow-up actions taken in the patients deiced record. Health Informatics Application of computer and information science for managing health-related data Focused on the patient and the process of care and the goal is to enhance the quality and efficiency of care provided. Becoming a priority as health care facilities adopt EMMER/HER Nursing Informatics (See Slides 20-24 in Power point) Facilitates the integration of data, information, and knowledge to support patients, nurses, and other providers in decision-making in all roles and settings. Clinical Information Systems CICS: Include monitoring systems (devices that automatically monitor and record metric measurements (vital signs, oxygen saturation, cardiac index, and stroke volume)) order entry systems, and laboratory, radiology, and pharmacy systems in critical care and specialty areas. Electronically sends measurements directly to the nursing documentation system Computerized provider order entry A process by which a health care provider directly enters orders for patient care into the hospital information system Reduces transcription errors. Potentially speeds up the implementation of ordered diagnostic tests and treatments which improves staff productivity and saves money

Fashion Retail in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Fashion Retail in the UK - Essay Example The paper "Fashion Retail in the UK"discovers the the ideas behind the BCG business strategy in the context of UK fashion retail. The BCG strategy suggests that the resources of an organization be allocated depending on its relative position on the grid. The grid has four sections/ positions. These are cash cow, star, question mark, and dog. The BCG strategy is diagrammatically represented as follows. The relative market share is a dimension that is utilized in evaluating a business portfolio. A corporate that enjoys high market share would ultimately get a high return of cash. This can be explained in terms of economies of scales. A firm that manufactures large quantities of goods has benefits of economies of scale and thus they enjoy higher profits. On the other hand, the market growth rate is a representation that earnings and profits increase. An increase in the growth rate means that large amounts of cash would be utilized to stimulate further growth. This means that an organiza tion in the rapidly growing industries use up a lot of cash and one should only invest in such organizations when there is an underlying growth or a sustained market share. Dogs: the brand in this quadrant is in a slow growing market. Furthermore, such brands are not the market leaders: they hold a low market share. Such brands generate nil or sometimes negative cash on returns. It is not wise for one to invest in such brands unless one opts for a long-term investment. As such, one may opt for retrenchment.

Who has the right to write literature about war Essay

Who has the right to write literature about war - Essay Example The first novel about war was written by the male because of their active participation in the war compared to women. Poem about with the theme of men, who walk away, is an explanation of the soldiers in the war. The poem serves as an example of the future generation of the behaviour of men during the war. The pre-war novels were about the role of women during the war. The women responsibility to take cares of domestic chores and had no voice during the war. Most women, who advocated their independence, challenged the novel. Women poets came up with poems that describe their role in the war as opposed to those written by men. Other writers wrote poets that explain if the war occurs or not, the authors state the reasons for the war to occur. For the war to happen there should be a reason. African American literature has been incorporated as part of American literature. However, it is independent of its styles and voices from the American literature. The independence has assisted in reach for many audiences of black origin. In United States, African American literature is criticized for the separation of the writing styles. The separation in literature advocated for women to write about their fellow women and African American to write about the blacks. The new policy in it literature was opposed by the many writers because hinder the literature to explore the entire human race. All the writers have equal right despite the race or the gender background to express their opinion in the literature about the war. In the past, the natives ignored the African American literature. Recently the diverse groups in America have accepted the literature written by the blacks in America because of the reduction in the racial discrimination. In conclusion, all the individuals have a right to write literature about war. The Africa American writers believe that that literature gave them political liberation. The literature presents the truth

The relationship between childhood neglect and later Essay Example for Free

The relationship between childhood neglect and later Essay In examining the relationship between childhood neglect and later use of illicit drugs, the following variables will have to be taken into account: Childhood – It is the time or state of being a child which is the period between infancy and pubescence. It is a crucial period in a person’s life since it is at this stage where most of the physical and mental development of a child takes place.   It is also at this stage where the child learns the difference between good and bad behavior. Later use – this pertains to a reaction. The principle is that for every action there is a corresponding reaction.   For purpose of this research childhood neglect is considered as an action and the use of illicit drugs during the later stages of the child’s life is considered as the reaction. Illicit drugs – these are drugs the use of which is rendered illegal by existing laws because of their harmful effects to the user. These drugs include cannabis such as marijuana and hashish, opiates such as heroin, stimulants such as cocaine and amphetamines and hallucinogens. Parental neglect – an act or omission of a parent or any person exercising substitute parental authority which is classified as a crime because it endangers the health and life of a child. It includes failure to provide for the child’s food, clothing and medical needs.   It also includes the act of leaving the child alone without anyone that can provide for the needs previously mentioned.   It its extreme form it may also include subjecting the child to physical and emotional abuse.   For purpose of this research, the following variables will be operationally defined as follows: Childhood – The participants of this research will be persons between the ages of 13-25.   They will be asked to recollect and reveal whether they are presently using illicit drugs and whether they experienced parental neglect during their childhood years.   For this purpose, they will be asked to make a recollection whether they experienced neglect between the ages of 5 to 12. Later use – The participants of this research will be asked whether they are presently using illicit drugs and the reasons why they use illicit drugs.   Their present problems involving drug use will then be connected to the participants’ past history of parental neglect.   For this purpose the subjects of this research will be limited to ages between 13-25. Illicit drugs – This concept will have same definition as the above.   For purpose of this research, the respondents will be asked to identify the kind of drugs they use and the age when they started using these illicit drugs.   The respondents will be asked to determine the reason/s why they started using illegal drugs. Parental neglect – The respondents will be asked whether they experienced neglect during their childhood and to describe the kind of relationship they have with their parents or whether they have positive or negative relationship with their parents.   If they have negative relationship with their parents, a follow up question will be asked whether the participants have been subjected to physical, verbal or sexual abuse.